Serum adiponectin level in type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban South Indian population

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic non-communicable disease which not only increases morbidity, mortality and decreases quality of life, but also leads to a heavy economic burden for the patient, family and the society at large. Adiponectin is a peptide hormone, specifically expressed and produced by adipocytes and plays an important part in glucose metabolism, insulin resistance and it also has anti inflammatory and antiatherosclerotic properties. This study has been conducted to find out the relationship of adiponectin between healthy controls and with cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in urban South Indian population. This is a case - control study where cases were already diagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes and were under treatment. Controls were normal healthy individuals who came for routine health check up. This study suggested there is a significant decrease in serum adiponectin level in cases compared to controls (10.37 ± 7.68 vs. 7.53 ± 4.83μg/ml; P = 0.000). A highly significant correlation was observed between fasting blood glucose and serum adiponectin (r = 0.304, P value =.001) was observed in the study. So the current study shows that decrease of adiponectin decreases the insulin sensitivity which may lead to type 2 diabetes mellitus and its vascular complications like hypertension.